Gut Health and Your Eyes: Is There a Connection?

When you think about gut health, you may think it only affects your digestive system. But researchers are discovering that gut health may affect other systems and areas of the body, including the eyes and vision. Understanding how your gut and eyes are connected can help you take specific steps that have a positive impact on your gut health, vision, and overall wellness. 

What is the gut-eye axis?

Your intestines contain trillions of microorganisms, including bacteria and fungi, that play a role in your metabolism, immunity, digestion, and inflammation. This intestinal environment is referred to as your gut microbiome. 

The gut-eye axis refers to the relationship between the microbiome in your gut and your eye health. Some of the microbes in your intestinal tract have a positive effect on your gut. However, other microbes may negatively impact immunity and inflammation and increase the chances of chronic eye diseases. 

According to the American Academy of Ophthalmology, researchers are discovering a link between gut microbiome and certain ocular diseases.

How does your gut microbiome potentially affect the eyes?

Your gut microbiome may have an impact on various organs in the body, including your vision. This can occur for a couple of reasons, as listed below.

Inflammation: An unbalanced gut microbiome may lead to increased inflammation throughout the body. This inflammation can also contribute to the development of chronic eye diseases.

Nutritional absorption: A healthy gut plays a crucial role in how well you absorb certain antioxidants and vitamins, which are essential for maintaining healthy vision. 
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Eye conditions potentially linked to gut health

Uveitis: Uveitis occurs due to inflammation of the uvea and can affect structures such as the iris and ciliary body. It has been linked to autoimmune disorders, especially irritable bowel syndrome.

Age-related macular degeneration: Studies have shown that changes in the gut microbiome are associated with an increased risk of developing age-related macular degeneration.

Dry eye disease: Various factors contribute to dry eye. There may also be a connection between an unhealthy gut microbiome and an increase in dry eye symptoms
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How to improve your gut health and promote healthy vision

There are several steps you can take to improve your gut health and promote healthy eyes, as outlined below.

Increase your fiber intake: Eating enough high-fiber foods helps promote good bacteria in your gut, which can reduce inflammation, increase antioxidants, and support eye health. Fiber-rich foods include:

• Beans
• Oatmeal
• Leafy greens
• Berries

Eat foods which contain omega 3 fatty acids: Omega-3 fatty acids have several positive health effects, including improving the gut microbiome by reducing inflammation. They may also decrease symptoms of dry eyes.

Good choices of omega-3 fatty acid foods include:

• Walnuts
• Chia seeds
• Salmon
• Flaxseeds

Drink plenty of water: Drinking enough water is crucial for maintaining a healthy digestive system and supporting a balanced gut microbiome. Adequate water intake also helps improve tear production and eye lubrication.

Limit highly processed foods: Foods that are highly processed and contain trans-fat or are high in sugar can increase inflammation and disrupt the gut bacteria. Limit foods such as cakes, cookies, french fries, and packaged crackers.

Talk to your doctor about a probiotic: Probiotics may help promote a healthy gut and are suitable for some individuals. Before starting a probiotic, it's best to consult your physician to ensure it is right for you.

It is also helpful to see an eye doctor for regular eye exams to maintain healthy eyes and protect your vision. If you would like to ask whether an appointment with one of our eye doctors would be appropriate at this time, call our office at 508-746-8600.